Computer Literacy Basics - FND301-Part Three (Book Summary)
Computer Literacy Basics (FND0301)
Chapter 1: Computer Fundamentals
1. What is a computer?
An electronic device that inputs , processes, stores , and outputs information.
2. Basic parts
System Unit, Keyboard, Monitor, Mouse
3. Computer System Components
- Input Devices: Keyboard, Mouse, Touchscreen. الادخال
- Processing: CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random Access Memory). المعالجة
- Storage: Hard Drive, USB Flash Drive, Optical Drives. التخزين
- Output Devices: Monitor, Printer, Speakers. الاخراج
4. Characteristics of Computers: خصائص
- High Speed: Can perform يؤدي millions of calculations per second.
- Accuracy: الدقة Error free calculations (errors usually come from input or software).
- Storage: Can store large amounts of data.
- Versatility:التنوع Can perform multiple tasks simultaneously (في وقت واحد)
5. Types of Computers:
- Mainframes:الحواسيب الكبيرة For large scale data processing.
- Supercomputers:الحواسب العملاقة For complex scientific calculations.
- Servers:الخوادم For handling data with minimal user interaction.
- Microcomputers - (PCs) : Designed for single users (e.g., desktops, laptops, tablets, smartphones).
Computer Hardware
1. Motherboard : اللوحة الأم
The main circuit board connecting all components.
2. CPU
The "brain" of the computer. (central processing Unite)
3. RAM (Random Access Memory)
Temporary memory (volatile متطايرة).مؤقتة
4. ROM (Read Only Memory)
Permanent memory (non-volatile).دائمة
5. Ports
USB, HDMI, VGA, etc.
Computer Software
System Software
Manages hardware and software resources موارد(e.g., Operating Systems like Windows, Linux).
Application Software
Programs for specific tasks مهام محددة(e.g., Microsoft Word, Google Chrome).
Chapter 2: Windows File Management
1. File Explorer: مستكشف الملفات
Used to organize ينظم files and folders.
2. Folders
Contain يحتوي على files and subfolders مجلدات فرعية.
3.Recycle Bin
Temporarily stores deleted files المحذوفة مؤقتًا.
3. Types of Files:
- System Files : Necessary for the operating system.
- Application Files : Necessary for running software.
- Data Files : Created by users (e.g., documents, images).
4.File Management:
- Creating Folders انشاء مجلدات: Organize files into folders.
- Copying/Moving Files نسخ ونقل الملفات: Duplicate نسخ or Move files.
- Deleting Files : Files go to the Recycle Bin.
- Renaming Files : Use descriptive names أسماء وصفية.
- Copying/Moving Files نسخ ونقل الملفات: Duplicate نسخ or Move files.
- Deleting Files : Files go to the Recycle Bin.
- Renaming Files : Use descriptive names أسماء وصفية.
5. Control Panel
Used to manage system settings إدارة إعدادات النظام (e.g., hardware, software, user accounts).
Chapter 3: Word Processing
Uses of Word 2016
1. Creating and Editing Documents: إنشاء وتحرير المستندات
- Text Editing : Insert, delete, copy, paste, undo, redo.
- Formatting : Change font, size, color, alignment.
2. Proofing Tools أدوات التدقيق
- Spell check التدقيق الاملائي
- grammar check التدقيق النحوي
- word count.
3. Working with Tables
- Creating Tables : Insert tables and modify تعديل their structure هيكلها.
- Formatting Tables : Align data, adjust borders, and shading.
4. Enhancing Documents: تحسين المستندات
- Headers and Footers : Add page numbers, dates, and titles.
- Graphics : Insert images, shapes, and WordArt.
- Styles : Apply consistent formatting to text.
5. Advanced Features: الميزات المتقدمة
Mail Merge دمج المراسلات : Combine دمج a document with a data source (e.g., names and addresses).
6. Templates قوالب
designed documents for quick use.
Important Terms and Definitions
1. CPU (Central Processing Unit)
The "brain" of the computer that processes data.
2. RAM (Random Access Memory)
Temporary memory that loses data when the computer is turned off
3. ROM (Read Only Memory)
Permanent memory that retains data even when the computer is off.
4. Operating System (OS)
Software that manages hardware and software resources (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux).
5. File Explorer
A tool in Windows used to manage files and folders.
6. Recycle Bin
A temporary storage area for deleted files.
7. Format Painter
A tool in Microsoft Word used to copy formatting from one text to another.
8. Header/Footer
Sections at the top/bottom of a document that repeat on every page.
9. USB (Universal Serial Bus)
A standard port for connecting external devices.
10. BIOS (Basic Input / Output System)
Firmware برامج ثابتة used to perform hardware initialization التهيئة during the booting process.
برامج ثابتة تستخدم لإجراء تهيئة الأجهزة أثناء عملية التشغيل
Summary of Key Concepts
Computers
are electronic devices that process data through input, processing, storage, and output.
Hardware
includes physical components like the CPU, RAM, and storage devices.
تشمل الأجهزة مكونات مادية مثل وحدة المعالجة المركزية، وذاكرة الوصول العشوائي، وأجهزة التخزين.
Software
includes system software (e.g., OS) and application software (e.g., Word, Excel).File Management
in Windows involves organizing files and folders using tools like File Explorer and the Recycle Bin.
· تتضمن إدارة الملفات في Windows تنظيم الملفات والمجلدات باستخدام أدوات مثل مستكشف الملفات وسلة المحذوفات.
Microsoft Word
is a word processing tool used for creating, editing, and formatting documents, with features like tables, headers, and styles.
Microsoft Word هي أداة معالجة نصوص تُستخدم لإنشاء المستندات وتحريرها وتنسيقها، مع ميزات مثل الجداول والرؤوس والأنماط.
